The main theme of my research is upcycling of biological waste into high performance smart construction materials to promote sustainability, resilience and health of building users. My current focus is on creating and applying biochar as an upcycled construction material. Concurrently, I am deeply involved in the creation and application of novel sustainability assessment methods to evaluate materials and material flows (including construction materials). My current focus is on attributional and consequential sustainability assessment. These two areas are closely linked, because results from my sustainability assessment identifies the kinds of waste for upcycling into construction materials. I am currently the Thrust Lead of Additive Manufacturing for Design and Environment in NUS and co-lead of the Smart Materials Laboratory of the Department of the Built Environment, College of Design and Engineering.